(Ancient Greece based on The Mythical Chronology of Greece)

Mythological times

• Wagner: Der Ring des Nibelungen (1869–76) [Northern Europe]
• Holst: Sāvitri (1916) [India]
• Strauss: Die Frau ohne Schatten (1919) [The South Eastern Islands]

Legendary times

• Auber: Le cheval de bronze (1835) [China]
• Busoni: Turandot (1917) [China]
• Puccini: Turandot (1926) [China]

Antiquity

• Salieri: La grotta di Trofonio (1785) [Greece]
• Hindemith: Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen (1921) [Greece]

17^th century BCE

• Méhul: Joseph (1807) [Egypt]

1677 BCE

• Lully: Isis (1677) [Greece]

1640 BCE

• Rameau: Naïs (1749) [Greece]

16th century BCE

• Rameau: Pygmalion (Pigmalion) (1748) [Greece]
• Donizetti: Il Pigmalione (composed 1916, performed 1960) [Greece]

15^th century BCE

1472 BCE

• Salieri: Les Danaïdes (1784) [Greece]

1440 BCE

• Rameau: Dardanus (1739) [Greece]

1438 BCE

• Salieri: Europa riconosciuta (1778) [Greece]
• Milhaud: L’enlèvement d’Europe (1927) [Greece]

1437 BCE

• Lully: Cadmus et Hermione (1673) [Greece]

1420 BCE

• Lully: Proserpine (1680) [Greece]

14^th century BCE

1344 BCE

• Lully: Persée (1682) [Greece]

1333 BCE

• Lully: Bellérophon (1679) [Greece]

After 1314 BCE

• Steffani: Niobe, regina di Tebe

13^th century BCE

1253 BCE

• Lully: Alceste (1674) [Greece]
• Gluck: Alceste (1767) [Greece]

1252 BCE

• Milhaud: L’abandon d’Ariane / La délivrance de Thésée (1927) [Greece]
• Lully: Thésée (1675) [Greece]
• Gossec: Thésée (1782) [Greece]

1245 BCE

• Peri: Euridice (1600) [Greece]
• Monteverdi: La favola d’Orfeo (1607) [Greece]
• Gluck: Orfeo ed Euridice (1762) [Greece]
• Offenbach: Orphée aux enfers (1858) [Greece]

1236 BCE

• Charpentier: Médée (1693) [Greece]
• Cherubini: Médée (1797) [Greece]

1235 BCE

• Sacchini: Œdipe à Colone (1786) [Greece]

1230 BCE

• Rossini: Mosè in Egitto (1818) [Egypt]

1220 BCE

• Rameau: Castor et Pollux (1737) [Greece]

1207 BCE

• Rameau: Hippolyte et Aricie (1733) [Greece]
• Lemoyne: Phèdre (1786) [Greece]

1203 BCE

• Gluck: Paride ed Elena (1770) [Greece]
• Saint-Saëns: Hélène (1904) [Greece]

12^th century BCE

• Montéclair: Jephté (1732) [Israel]
• Meyerbeer: Jephtas Gelübde (1812) [Israel]

1193 BCE

• Gluck: Iphigénie en Aulide (1774) [Greece]

1183 BCE

• Berlioz: Les Troyens (1863) [Troy, Carthage]
• Grétry: Andromaque (1780) [Greece]
• Rossini: Ermione (1819) [Greece]
• Purcell: Dido and Æneas (circa 1683–1688) [Carthage]
• Piccinni: Didon (1783) [Carthage]

1175–74 BCE

• Gluck: Iphigénie en Tauride (1779) [Greece]
• Piccinni: Iphigénie en Tauride (1781) [Greece]

1173 BCE

• Monteverdi: Il ritorno d’Ulisse in patria (1639–40) [Greece]
• Fauré: Pénélope (1913) [Greece]

1150 BCE

• Cherubini: Démophoon (1788) [Greece]

After 10^th century BCE

• Méhul: Uthal (1806) [Scotland]

9^th century BCE

Circa 850 BCE

• Meyerbeer: Semiramide riconosciuta (1819) [Babylon]

8^th century BCE?

• Cagnoni: Re Lear (c. 1885–1895) [Britain]

7^th century BCE

• Salieri: Les Horaces (1786) [Rome]

6^th century BCE

• Keiser: Croesus (1711; revised 1730) [Greece]
• Serov: Judith (1863) [Israel]

522 BCE

• Vivaldi: L’incoronazione di Dario (1717) [Persia]

5^th century BCE

470 BCE

• Handel: Serse (1738) [Persia]

465 BCE

• Vinci: Artaserse (1730) [Persia]

4^th century BCE

Circa 350 BCE

• Saint-Saëns: Phryné (1893) [Greece]

308 BCE

• Spontini: Olympie (1819) [Greece]

3^rd century BCE

Between 305 and 281 BCE

• Méhul: Stratonice (1792) [Syria]

269 BCE

• Spontini: La vestale (1807) [Rome]

1^st century BCE

73–63 BCE

• Vivaldi: Farnace (1727) [Pontus]

63 BCE

• Mozart: Mitridate, re di Ponto (1770) [Crimea]

48–47 BCE

• Handel: Giulio Cesare in Egitto (1724) [Egypt]

46 BCE

• Vinci: Catone in Utica (1728) [North Africa]

40–30 BCE

• Barber: Antony and Cleopatra (1966) [Egypt and Rome]

---

1^st century CE

9 CE

• Porpora: Germanico in Germania (1732) [Germany]
• Handel: Arminio (1737) [Germany]

30 CE

• Massenet: Hérodiade (1881) [Palestine]

Circa 54 CE

• Handel: Agrippina (1709) [Rome]

60 CE

• Monteverdi: L’incoronazione di Poppea (1643) [Rome]

79 CE

• Pacini: L’ultimo giorno di Pompei (1825) [Italy]
• Mozart: La clemenza di Tito (1791) [Rome]
• Magnard: Bérénice (1911) [Rome]

---

2^nd century CE

Between 117 and 138 CE

• Méhul: Adrien (1799) [Syria]

---

3^rd century CE

222

• Cavalli: Eliogabalo (1667) [Rome]

---

5^th century CE

• Lalo: Le roi d’Ys (1888) [France]

453

• Gluck: Ezio (1750) [Rome]

---

[5^th to 6^th centuries CE]

• Chausson: Le roi Arthus (1903) [Wales]

---

6^th century CE

580

• Donizetti: Belisario (1836) [Byzantium]

---

7^th century CE

• D’Indy: Fervaal (1897) [France]

628

• Hasse: Siroe re di Persia (1733) [Persia]

---

Legendary times (after 632)

• Mârouf, savetier du Caire (Rabaud) [Egypt, Middle East]

---

8^th century CE

722

• Mercadante: Pelagio (1857) [Spain]

Reign of Charlemagne (r. 768–814)

• Caccini: La liberazione di Ruggiero dall’isola d’Alcina (1625)
• Lully: Roland (1685)
• Vivaldi: Orlando furioso (1727)
• Piccinni: Roland (1778)
• Haydn: Orlando paladino (1782)

---

8^th – 9^th centuries CE

• Nowowiejski: Legenda Bałtyku (1924) [Baltic Sea coast]

---

The Middle Ages

• Lully: Amadis (1684)
• Grétry: Raoul Barbe-bleue (1789) [France]
• Boieldieu: Le calife de Bagdad (1800) [Baghdad]
• Rossini: Torvaldo e Dorliska (1815) [Northern Europe]
• Meyerbeer: Romilda e Costanza (1817) [France]
• Glinka: Ruslan and Lyudmila (1842) [Russia]
• Gounod : Le tribut de Zamora (1881) [Spain]
• Wagner: Parsifal (1882) [Spain]
• Strauss: Feuersnot (1901) [Germany]
• Debussy: Pelléas et Mélisande (1902) [Allemonde]
• Massenet: Le jongleur de Notre-Dame (1902) [France]
• Lazzari: La lépreuse (1912) [France]
• Magnard: Guercœur (1931)

---

10^th century

• Donizetti: Ugo, conte di Parigi (1832) [France]

[Between 925 and 933]

• Wagner: Lohengrin (1850) [Belgium]

---

11^th century

• Sacchini: Chimène (1783) [Spain]

1005

• [Campra: Tancrède (1702)] [Italy]
• Rossini: Tancredi (1813) [Italy]

1012

• Mascagni: Isabeau (1911)

11^th century [Circa 1040]

• Verdi: Macbeth (1847) [Scotland]

First Crusade (1096–99)

• Lully: Armide (1686) [Palestine]
• Salieri: Armida (1771) [Palestine]
• Gluck: Armide (1777) [Palestine]
• Rossini: Armida (1817) [Palestine]
• Sacchini: Renaud (1783) [Palestine]

1099

• Handel: Rinaldo (1711) [Palestine]

---

12^th century

• Mercadante: Emma d’Antiochia (1834) [Antioch]
• Rimsky-Korsakov: Sadko (1897/1898) [Russia]

1110

• Weber: Euryanthe (1823) [France]

Mid-12th century

• Szymanowski: Król Roger (1926) [Sicily]

Circa 1192–93

• Grétry: Richard Cœur-de-lion (1784) [Austria]

1194

• Sullivan: Ivanhoe (1891) [England]

---

13^th century

• Grétry: Guillaume Tell (1791) [Switzerland]
• Bellini: Il pirata (1827) [Italy]
• Holst: The Wandering Scholar (1934) [France]

Circa 1200

• Rossini: Le comte Ory (1828) [France]
• Bellini: La straniera (1829) [France]

Beginning of the 13^th century

• Wagner: Tannhäuser (1845) [Germany]

1228

• Verdi: Oberto, conte di San Bonifacio (1839) [Italy]

Around the middle of the 13^th century

• Strauss: Guntram (1894) [Germany]

1250

• Mercadante: Elena da Feltre (1839) [Italy]

---

14^th century

• Mercadante: Il giuramento (1837) [Italy]
• Donizetti: Maria Padilla (1841) [Spain]

1303

• Roussel: Padmâvatî (1923) [India]

1347

• Donizetti: L’assedio di Calais (1836) [France]

1355

• Donizetti: Marino Faliero [Italy]

Mid-14^th century

• Wagner: Rienzi (1842) [Italy]
• Verdi: Simon Boccanegra (1857) [Italy]

1400

• Donizetti: Maria di Rudenz (1838) [Switzerland]

---

14^th to 15^th centuries

• Faccio: Amleto (1865) [Denmark]

---

Renaissance Italy (15^th & 16^th centuries)

• Goetz: Der Widerspänstigen Zähmung (1874) [Italy]

---

15^th century

Early 15^th century

• Verdi: Il trovatore (1853) [Spain]
• Holst: At the Boar’s Head (1925) [England]

1441

• Halévy: La reine de Chypre (1841) [Italy, Cyprus]

Mid-15^th century

• Donizetti: Caterina Cornaro (1844) [Italy, Cyprus]

Late 15^th century [1460s–1480s, in the reign of Muley-Hassem]

• Cherubini: Les Abencérages (1813) [Spain]

1470

• Rossini: Maometto II (1820) [Greece]

Late 15^th century

• Février: Monna Vanna (1909) [Italy]
• Schillings: Mona Lisa (1915) [Italy]

1471–1478

• Leoncavallo: I Medici (1893) [Italy]

1482

• Bertin: La Esmeralda (1836) [France]

1492

• Poniatowski: Pierre de Médicis (1860) [Italy]
• Milhaud: Christophe Colomb (1930) [Spain, America]

1497–98

• Meyerbeer: Vasco de Gama / L’Africaine (1865) [Portugal, East Indies]

---

16^th century

• Vinci: Gismondo, re di Polonia (1727) [Poland]
• Spohr: Jessonda (1823) [India]
• Donizetti: Il paria (1829) [India]
• Wagner: Das Liebesverbot (1836) [Italy]
• Auber: Haydée (1847) [Italy]
• Gounod: Faust (1859) [Germany]
• Busoni: Doktor Faust (1925) [Germany]
• Berlioz: Béatrice et Bénédict (1862) [Italy]
• Ginastera: Bomarzo (1967) [Italy]

1506

• Milhaud: Christophe Colomb (1930) [Spain, America]

[1519-1520]

• Spontini: Fernand Cortez (1809) [Mexico]

1530

• Meyerbeer: Le Prophète (1849) [Netherlands, Germany]

1539

• Saint-Saëns: Ascanio (1890) [France]

Mid-16^th century

• Mozart: Die Entführung aus dem Serail [The Abduction from the Seraglio] (1782) [Turkey]
• Bizet: Ivan IV (1951) [Russia]

1555

• Rimsky-Korsakov: The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga (1898) [Russia]

1560

• Gomes: Il Guarany (1870) [Brazil]

1568

• Paladilhe: Patrie! (1886) [Belgium]

1570

• Rossini: Otello (1816) [Italy]
• Rimsky-Korsakov: The Maid of Pskov (1873) [Russia]

1572

• Meyerbeer: Les Huguenots (1836) [France]

Late 16^th century

• Rossini: Elisabetta, regina d’Inghilterra (1815) [England]

1600

• Cherubini: Lodoïska (1791) [Poland]

---

17^th century

• Mozart: Don Giovanni (1787) [Spain]
• Halévy: La tempesta (1850) [Prospero’s island]
• Dargomyzhsky: Kamenny Gost (1872) [Spain]
• Hindemith: Cardillac (1926; revised 1952) [France]

Beginning of the 17^th century

• Nicolai: Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor (1848) [England]

1612–1613

• Glinka: A Life for the Tsar (1836) [Russia]

Around 1630

• Donizetti: Maria di Rohan (1843) [France]

1634

• Penderecki: Die Teufel von Loudun (1969) [France]

1640s

• Bellini: I puritani (1835) [England]

1647

• Cherubini: Les deux journées (1800) [France]
• Auber: La muette de Portici (1828) [Italy]

1648

• Strauss: Friedenstag (1938) [Germany]

Circa 1648

• Weber: Der Freischütz (1821) [Germany]
• Nessler: Der Trompeter von Säkkingen (1884) [Germany]

1654

• Foroni: Cristina, regina di Svezia (1849) [Sweden]

[1680s]

• Grétry: Pierre le Grand (1790) [Russia]

---

18^th century

• Beethoven: Fidelio (1805) [Spain]
• Rossini: La scala di seta (1812) [France]
• Rossini: Il turco in Italia (1814) [Italy]
• Wagner: Der fliegende Holländer (The Flying Dutchman) (1843) [Norway]
• [Loder: Raymond and Agnes (1855)?]
• Auber: Manon Lescaut (1856) [France, America]
• Saint-Saëns: Le timbre d’argent (1877) [Austria]
• Strauss: Ariadne auf Naxos (1916) [Austria]
• Busoni: Arlecchino (1917) [Italy]
• Giordano: Il re (1929) [an unnamed kingdom]

Beginning of the 18^th century

• Tchaikovsky: Mazeppa (1884) [Ukraine]

1720

• Offenbach: La grande-duchesse de Gérolstein (1867) [Germany]

1730

• Cilea: Adriana Lecouvreur (1902) [France]

1733

• [Pergolesi: La serva padrona (1733)] [Italy]

1735

• [Rameau: Les indes galantes (1735)] [Turkey, Peru, Persia, America]

1745

• Philidor: Tom Jones (1765) [England]

Around 1750

• Verdi: La forza del destino (1862) [Spain, Italy]

1752

• [Rousseau: Le devin du village (1752)] [France]

1753

• [Dauvergne: Les troqueurs (1753)] [France]

1756 and 1766

• Adam: Le postillon de Lonjumeau (1836) [France]

1767

• [Mozart: Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebots (1767)]

1768

• [Mozart: Bastien und Bastienne (1768)]

1769

• [Monsigny: Le déserteur (1769)] [France]
• [Grétry: Le tableau parlant (1769)] [France]

1772

• [Salieri: La fiera di Venezia (1772)] [Italy]

1773

• [Grétry: Le magnifique (1773)]

1775

• [Mozart: La finta giardiniera (1775)] [Italy]
• [Paisiello: Il barbiere di Siviglia (1782)] [Spain]
• [Rossini: Il barbiere di Siviglia (1816)] [Spain]
• Strauss: Capriccio (1942) [Austria]

1777

• Auber: Les diamants de la couronne (1841) [Portugal]

1778

• [Grétry: L’amant jaloux (1778)] [Spain]
• [Salieri: La scuola de’ gelosi (1778)] [Italy]

1783

• [Grétry: La caravane du Caire (1783)] [Egypt]

1784

• [Grétry: L’épreuve villageoise (1784)] [France]
• [Mozart: Le nozze di Figaro (1786)] [Spain]

1786

• [Mozart: Der Schauspieldirektor (1786)] [Austria]

1787

• [Salieri: Tarare (1787)] [Middle East]

1790

• [Mozart: Così fan tutte (1790)] [Italy]
• [Paisiello: Nina (1790)] [Italy]

1792

• [Cimarosa: Il matrimonio segreto (1792)] [Italy]
• Auber: Gustave III (1833) [Sweden]
• Verdi: Un ballo in maschera (1859) [Sweden]

1797

• Britten: Billy Budd (1951) [H.M.S. Indomitable]

Close of the 18^th century

• Donizetti: L’elisir d’amore (1832) [France]
• Tchaikovsky: The Queen of Spades (1890) [Russia]

Late 18^th – early 19^th century

• Rossini: La Cenerentola (1817) [Italy]

---

19^th century

• Mascagni: Cavalleria rusticana (1890) [Italy]
• Giordano: Siberia (1903) [Russia]
• Janáček: Jenůfa (1904) [Moravia]

1800

• Catalani: La Wally (1892) [Austria]
• Puccini: Tosca (1900) [Italy]

1801

• [Méhul: L’irato (1801)] [Italy]

1806

• L’Épine and Offenbach: Sur un volcan (1855) [Ireland]

1806 and 1813

• Franchetti: Germania (1902) [Germany]

1810

• Giordano: Mala vita (1892) [Italy]

1817

• [Rossini: La gazza ladra (1817)] [France]

1820

• Bizet: Carmen (1875) [Spain]

1820s

• Offenbach: Les contes d’Hoffmann (1881) [Germany, France, Italy]

1829

• [Halévy: Le dilettante d’Avignon (1829)] [France]

Mid-19th century

• Britten: The Turn of the Screw (1954) [England]

1830s

• Auber: Le domino noir (1837) [Spain]
• [Bizet: Djamileh (1872)] [Egypt]
• Britten: Peter Grimes (1945) [England]

1830

• Auber: Fra Diavolo (1830) [Italy]
• [Donizetti: I pazzi per progetto (1830)] [Italy]

1831

• [Auber: Le Philtre (1831) [France]]

1833

• Offenbach: M. Choufleuri restera chez lui le… (1861) [France]

1840

• Auber: La sirène (1844) [Italy]

1846

• Delibes: Kassya (1893) [Eastern Europe]

1853

• [Offenbach: Pepito (1853)] [Spain]

1855

• [Offenbach: Une nuit blanche (1855)] [France]
• [Offenbach: Les deux aveugles (1855)] [France]
• [Offenbach: Ba-ta-clan (1855)] [China]

1856

• [Offenbach: Tromb-al-ca-zar (1856)] [France]

1860s

• Janáček: Káťa Kabanová (1921) [Russia]

1866

• [Smetana: The Bartered Bride (1866)] [Czechia]

1872

• [Saint-Saëns: La princesse jaune (1872)] [Netherlands]

1874

• Massenet: La Navarraise (1894) [Spain]

1876

• [Offenbach: Pierrette et Jacquot (1876)] [France]

Late 19^th century

• Delibes: Lakmé (1883) [India]
• Leoni: L’Oracolo (1905) [USA]
• Korngold: Die tote Stadt (1920) [Belgium]

20th century

Early 1900s

• D’Indy: L’étranger (1903) [France]
• Giordano: Marcella (1907) [France]
• Giordano: Mese Mariano (1910) [Italy]

1911

• Britten: Death in Venice (1973) [Italy]

1914

• [Bachelet: Scemo (1914) [France]]

1922

• Janáček: Věc Makropulos [The Makropulos Affair] (1926) [Czechoslovakia]

1924

• [Janáček: The Cunning Little Vixen (1924)] [Czechoslovakia]

1926

• [Milhaud: Les malheurs d’Orphée (1926)] [France]

1927

• [Milhaud: Le pauvre matelot (1926)] [France]

---

N/A

• Stravinsky: Renard (1922)

---

Unsure

• Vivaldi: La verità in cimento (1720) [Middle East]
• Monsigny: Le roi et le fermier (1762) [England]
• Cherubini: Faniska (1806) [Poland]
• Mercadante: Caritea regina di Spagna (1826) [Spain]
• Hindemith: Das Nusch-Nuschi (1921) [Burma]
• Hindemith: Sancta Susanna (1922) [Germany]
• Britten: A Midsummer Night’s Dream (1960) [Greece]